Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 32(h) says: 'Before the court may depart from the applicable sentencing range on a ground not identified for departure either in the presentence report or in a party's prehearing submission, the court must give the parties reasonable notice that it is contemplating such a departure.'
The Rule was added to 'reflect' the decision in Burns v. United States, 501 U. S. 129 (1991). See Advisory Committee's Notes on Fed. Rule Crim. Proc. 32, 18 U. S. C. App., p. 1141 (2000 ed., Supp. II). (2002 Amendments). In Burns, the Court focused upon 'the extraordinary case in which the district court, on its own initiative and contrary to the expectations both the defendant and the Government, decides that the factual and legal predicates for a departure are satisfied.' 501 U. S., at 135. The Court held that 'before a district court can depart upward on a ground not identified as a ground for upward departure either in the presentence report or in a prehearing submission by the Government . . . the district court [must] give the parties reasonable notice that it is contemplating such a ruling.' Id., at 138.
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