Many states uphold exculpatory agreements in the context of simple negligence, but refuse to enforce such agreements in the context of gross negligence. See, e.g., Farina v. Mt. Bachelor, Inc., 66 F.3d 233, 235-36 (9th Cir.1995) (Oregon law); Wheelock v. Sport Kites, Inc., 839 F.Supp. 730, 736 (D.Haw.1993), superseded in part by Haw.Rev.Stat. § 663-1.54 (1997) (recreational providers liable for simple negligence in addition to gross negligence); McFann v. Sky Warriors, Inc., 268 Ga.App. 750, 758, 603 S.E.2d 7 (2004), cert. denied, 2005 Ga. Lexis 69 (January 10, 2005); Boucher v. Riner, 68 Md.App. 539, 543, 514 A.2d 485 (1986); Zavras v. Capeway Rovers Motorcycle Club, Inc., 44 Mass.App. 17, 18-19, 687 N.E.2d 1263 (1997); Schmidt v. United States, 912 P.2d 871, 874 (Okla.1996); Adams v. Roark, 686 S.W.2d 73, 75-76 (Tenn.1985); Conradt v. Four Star Promotions, Inc., 45 Wash.App. 847, 852, 728 P.2d 617 (1986); see also New Light Co. v. Wells Fargo Alarm Services, 247 Neb. 57, 62-65, 525 N.W.2d 25 (1994); 8 S. Williston, Contracts (4th Ed. 1998) § 19:23, pp. 291-97 ('[a]n attempted exemption from liability for a future intentional tort or crime or for a future willful or grossly negligent ...